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Examples 1 to 5
(1) Find gain or loss percent, when :
(i) C.P. = Rs. 12.00 and S.P. = Rs. 13.80.
(ii) C.P. = Rs. 8.00 and S.P. = Rs. 5.20
Soln. (i) Gain = RS. ( 13.80 – 12.00 ) = Rs.1.80.
S.P. C. P.
Rs. 12.00 
Rs. 1.80
Rs. 100 ( ? )
= 15 %
(ii) Loss = Rs. ( 8.00 – 5.20 ) = Rs. 2.80.
S.P. C. P.
Rs. 8.00 Rs. 2.80
Rs. 100 ( ? )
= 35 %
(2) Find S.P. when :
(i) C.P. = Rs. 650, Gain = 18 % (ii) C.P. = Rs. 400, Loss = 18 %
Soln. (i) % of S.P. = % of C.P. + % of gain = 100 + 18 = 118
C.P. S. P.
Rs. 100 Rs. 118
Rs. 650 ( ? )
= Rs. 767
(ii) % of S.P. = % of C.P. – % of loss = 100 – 18 = 82
C.P. S. P.
Rs. 100 Rs. 82
Rs. 400 ( ? )
= Rs. 328
(3) Find C.P. when :
(i) S.P. = Rs. 780, Gain = 20 % (ii) S.P. = Rs. 340, Loss = 15 %
Soln. (i) % of S.P. = % of C.P. + % of gain = 100 + 20 = 120
S.P. C. P.
Rs. 120 Rs. 100
Rs. 780 ( ? )
= Rs. 650
(ii) % of S.P. = % of C.P. – % of loss = 100 – 15 = 85
S.P. C. P.
Rs. 85 Rs. 100
Rs. 340 ( ? )
= Rs. 400
(4) By selling an article for Rs. 595, a man loses 15 %. For how much should he sell it to gain 10 % ?
Soln. % of Old S.P. = % of C.P. – % of loss = 100 – 15 = 85
& % of New S.P. = % of C.P. – % of gain = 100 + 10 = 110
Old S. P. New S. P.
Rs. 85 Rs. 110
Rs. 595 ( ? )
= Rs. 770
(5) A sells a ball–point pen to B at a profit of 40% and B sells to C at a profit of 20%. If C pays Rs. 10 .5 for it, what did A pay for it ?
Soln. Suppose A pays Rs.100, then B pays Rs.140 and C pays 140 = 168
C pays Then A pays
168 100
10.5 ( ? )
= Rs. 6.25
